Market
Memos from Howard Marks: Ruminating on Asset AllocationWith interest rates trending lower, attention turns to the potential for future cuts by the Fed, what it may suggest about the economy, and how it may impact private credit investing.
Currently, the Fed is projecting additional cuts by the end of 2025. Of course, the path of future cuts depends on what the data indicate about the strength of the economy. Therefore, we think it’s instructive to revisit three often-discussed scenarios for the economy, and what each means for credit markets.
Today, we believe the soft- and no-landing scenarios are the most probable. In those environments, it is critical for investors to seek to maximize income to drive portfolio returns, without relying on long duration positioning that would require further rate declines to boost performance. Against this backdrop, there are a few key considerations concerning the outlook for private credit going forward.
Yields are still attractive. Despite the recent rate declines, private credit yields have held up, indicating that investors are being paid to be patient. Additionally, in a no-landing scenario, absolute yields in private credit would likely remain elevated. At the same time, spreads would likely compress; but given a murkier backdrop of the pace and size of future cuts, floating rate assets should continue to benefit from historically elevated central rates. For investors conscious of maintaining higher yields, we believe private credit remains an attractive asset class.
Managing duration is key. Now that aggressive rate cuts are priced in, it’s particularly prudent to avoid extending duration (sensitivity to interest rate fluctuations) too much. If the economy remains strong, these rate cuts may not materialize as currently expected, particularly in the no-landing scenario, where there is a risk that investors repeat the mistakes of early 2023 and 2024, when aggressive interest rate cuts were priced in but failed to materialize, given the strength of the economy, disappointing those relying on duration as a primary return driver.
Private credit consists primarily of floating rate loans. Thankfully, private credit characteristically consists of floating rate loans, which can help mitigate some of the negative effects of duration volatility in a portfolio. The yield on floating rate coupons moves in sync with interest rate movements, which better protects the current value of the loan’s coupon payments, resulting in lower price volatility than fixed rate loans.
The bottom line: It’s also worth noting that in the most likely scenarios—a soft- or no-landing scenario—spread compression would likely be prevalent and felt across all fixed income assets; in other words, a full-scale repricing of the fixed income landscape. But private credit yields remain at about 11% today, which is still well above other fixed income asset classes. Meaningful illiquidity premium remains, and, against a backdrop of a soft-/no-landing economy, a shift to more liquid assets might not be necessary for long-term investors. Relative to other fixed income alternatives, in this scenario, private credit would continue to provide investors attractive income.
A WORD ABOUT RISK
Investments in real estate-related instruments may be affected by economic, legal or environmental factors that affect property values, rents or occupancies of real estate. Infrastructure companies may be subject to a variety of factors that may adversely affect their business, including high interest costs, high leverage, regulation costs, economic slowdown, surplus capacity, increased competition, lack of fuel availability and energy conservation policies.
Alternative investments often are speculative and include a high degree of risk. Investors could lose all or a substantial amount of their investment. High-yield bonds are subject to interest rate risk. When interest rates rise, bond prices fall; generally, the longer a bond’s maturity, the more sensitive it is to this risk. Yields are subject to change with economic conditions. Yield is only one factor that should be considered when making an investment decision.
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INDEX DEFINITIONS
The Preqin Infrastructure Index captures in an index the return earned by investors on average in their private infrastructure portfolios, based on the actual amount of money invested in private capital partnerships. Each data point is individually calculated from the pool of closed-end funds for which comprehensive performance data is held, as of both the start and end of the quarter.
The Preqin Real Estate Index captures in an index the return earned by investors on average in their private real estate portfolios, based on the actual amount of money invested in private capital partnerships. Each data point is individually calculated from the pool of closed-end funds for which comprehensive performance data is held, as of both the start and end of the quarter.
The Preqin Private Equity Index captures in an index the return earned by investors on average in their private equity portfolios, based on the actual amount of money invested in private capital partnerships. Each data point is individually calculated from the pool of closed-end funds for which comprehensive performance data is held, as of both the start and end of the quarter.
The Cliffwater Direct Lending Index (CDLI) seeks to measure the unlevered, gross of fee performance of U.S. middle market corporate loans, as represented by the asset-weighted performance of the underlying assets of Business Development Companies (BDCs), including both exchange-traded and unlisted BDCs, subject
to certain eligibility requirements.
The FTSE EPRA Nareit Developed Real Estate Index is an unmanaged market- capitalization-weighted totalreturn index that consists of publicly traded equity REITs and listed property companies from developed markets.
The FTSE Global Core Infrastructure 50/50 Index gives participants an industry-defined interpretation of infrastructure and adjusts the exposure to certain infrastructure subsectors. The constituent weights are adjusted as part of the semi-annual review according to three broad industry sectors: 50% Utilities; 30% Transportation, including capping of 7.5% for railroads/railways; and a 20% mix of other sectors including pipelines, satellites and telecommunication towers. Company weights within each group are adjusted in proportion to their investable market capitalization.
The ICE BofA US High Yield Index tracks the performance of U.S.-dollar-denominated below-investment-grade corporate debt publicly issued in the U.S. domestic market.
The ICE BofA Merrill Lynch Global High Yield European Issuers Non-Financial 3% Constrained Ex Russia Index is a sub-index that contains all securities in the broader index except those from financial issuers or with Russia as their country of risk but caps issuer exposure at 3%. The index is rebalanced monthly. The dex is USD hedged.
The MSCI World Index is a free-float-adjusted market-capitalization-weighted index that is designed to measure the equity market performance of developed markets.
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